It was on the second night when they came. Three riders, with white sacks over their heads to protect their identity, rode down the steep trail from the high country. The meeting was secret and held in the mountains adjacent to the village of Gallinas at the base of the ridges along the Rio Gallinas.
It was 1890 and Las Gorras Blancas, the White Caps, were there to convince others of the need to resist the break up of the Commons, land that had been guaranteed under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hildago in 1848. Membership in the highly secretive movement grew to 1,500.